Are you allowed in this situation to overtake the vehicle from the right?

Why?

This two-way carriageway does not have two marked lanes in your direction. You therefore cannot overtake the red car on its right simply because there is enough space. In a built-up area, this type of overtaking on a two-way carriageway requires at least two marked lanes travelling in the same direction.

art. 24 ust. 10 pkt 2 Prawa o ruchu drogowym